The area was inhabited by indigenous groups that were part of the Malibú Mokaná ethnicity. There are archeological vestiges, such as ocarina, petroglyphs and the famous thunderstones, found in the zone of influence of the Sanctuary; thus the visitor has the opportunity to see culturally important places such as the ceremonial sites of these indigenous groups. The inhabitants of the region have established a significant relationship with Los Colorados mountain, which is filled with cultural beliefs and practices evident, for example, in the treatment of medicinal plants.